SOLAR INVERTER


WHAT IS AN INVERTER ?
1.A inverter is a device which  converts the direct current into an alternating one.
2.Inveter simply serve the purpose to convert the power just as a transformer does for ac to ac conversion.
3.Inverter doesn't produce any power the power is provided by dc source in its input terminals.
4.A inverter can be rotatary or static one.
5.Rotatary connects to equipment having mechanical elements while static corresponds to elctronic circuitory.

INPUT VOLTAGE IN A INVERTER
A inverter requires a stable dc power source capable of supplying enough current for the intended power demands of the system.  
Input voltage actually depends on the design and purpose of the inverter.
examples such as :-
12vdc for small consumers
24v,36v,48v dc for common standards home energy systems
300v to 400v dc when power is from photovoltaic solar panels.

OUTPUT WAVEFORM
An inverter has the ability to produce square wave,modified sine wave ,pulsed sine wave,pulse width modulated wave or sine wave depending on the circuit design.
square wave- It's a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform which can be represented as a infinite summation of sinusoidal waves.It produces harmonics and is generally unsuitable for sensitive electronics equipments.

modified sine wave - It's economical one used in TV,ovens etc while where much accuracy is needed the sine wave is used eg. Laptops. It's the sum of two square waves one of which is phase shifted 90 degrees relative to the other.waveform generally has a pause during the polarity reversal.During operation with modified sine wave loads actually has low eficiency and also produces a humming sound.




DUTY CYCLE - it corresponds to the fraction of time for which pulse is activated.
duty cycle = active time / total time for one period
eg. For a square wave duty cycle is 50%.
OUTPUT CONVERSION
A inverter actually converts the dc electricity from the sources like fuel cells or batteries.
1.Batteries are connected in series in order to increase the amount of voltage.
2.Batteries are connected in parallel in order to increase the ampere hour rating.